Bush-hammer.



No. 878,559. PATENTED PEB. 11,A 1908.

" v A. PINEL.

BUSH HAMMER.

APPLICATION FILED IULYZS, 19.07.

ALFRED PINL, l" QI'INCY, MASSACHUSETTS.

BUSH-HAMMER.

Speeicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 11, 1908.

Application filed -l'uly 25. 1907. Serial No.385.509.

To all fufom, 'it may concern:

Be 1t known that l, ALFRED PIXEL, a citizen of the l'nited States, and a resident of i Quincy, in the county of Norfolk and State 5 of Massachusetts, have invented an Inirovement iii Bush-l Iaiinnei's, of which the ibllowing description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, Q will be fully described in the subyoiiied speci- 65 like letters on the drawing representing like parts.

This invention has for its object the production of a novel bush hammer for stone work, the hammer shown being designed more particularly for use in a power actuated machine.

In bush hammers of this type diil'erent plans have been devised for holding the bits or cutting blades, as for instance by bolts passing through holes or notche: in the bits 2g and through the sides of the head or casing, or by inclosing t-he Shanks of the bits between the sides of the. casing and interposing between one side of the casing and the bits a wedge tapered in the direction of its length, with its smaller end uppermost.

The use of bolts is very objectionable for the holes or not-ches in the bits weaken the same, the rapid vibrational movement of the hammer in the machine setting up such strains that the bits soon fracture between the bolt receiving openings, and in' addition it is practically impossible to maintain the bolts tight in the head or casing.

lith the wedge structures now in use the o )eration ofthe hammer soon tends to loosen t e wedge and disarrange the bits, it being either very diflicult to maintain the wedge tight for any length of time, or the constant impact of the tool upon the stone causes the 40 wedge to break the casing or head.

In my present invention I have discarded altogether bolts or similar devices, thereby obviating the use of holes or notches in the bits, and I interpose between the bits and the side ofthe head al wedge ta. )ered in the direction of its length and also 1n the direction of its width, with its larger end uppermost.

By placing the larger end of the wedge 5o uppermost there is no possibility of. the Wedge dropping out when the hammer is in use, and by tapering also in the direction of its length, which is transverse to the length of the bits, a very slight blow with a hammer .55 will drive the wedge into place with suilicient force to firmly retain the bits in place.

I have so constructed and arranged the head -of the hammer that its weight, the weight of the bits, and the weight of the device employed to retain them in operative position is distributed substantially equally with relation to the longitudinal axis of the shank of the hammer.

The various novel features of my invention iication and particularly pointed out in the following claims.

Figure 1 in side elevation represents a bush hammer embodying my invention; Fig. 2 a lower end view ci the hammer shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 a section in the line Fig. 1.

The head A of my novel bush hammer has a shank A that is engaged in usual manner by the mechanical part of the machine employed to move the hammer in working the same in dressing stone. T he head is shown` as forked, it presenting two depending legs or side walls a, ai', and an upper or cross )ort'l-'Y Viewing Fig. 1, it will be noticed 'flie width of the metal from the corner 2 80 edge 3 iii the diagonal dotted line 2, 3 is gre/Jar than the width of the depending portions a, a. so that the cross portion a`l is so strengthened that it cannot bend or fracture due to strains outwardly on the depending portions a, a. 'Ihe inner side wall 4 of the depending portion a is shown as substantially vertical, while the inner side wall 5 of the depending portion a is represented as inclined upwardly and outwardly, the width of the depending portion a being slightly less than that of the downturned portion a. The flat Shanks of the bits B are shown as notched at their 1ipper ends to leave projecting portions 6 that embrace the crossed part 95 a2 of the head between the depending portions a., a/, preventing any movement of the bits from front to rear of the head. In the space between the inner wall 5 of the depending portion a. and the bit B next it, I insert a wedge U shown in Fig. 1 as tapered from its bottom to its top, said wedge, see Fig. 2, being also represented as tapered in the direction of its length.

In practice I have found that a wedge of this forin has the greatest holding capacit-y possible for a wedge, and as the wedge 1s driven by a slight blow in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 2, to lock the bits in the head, the lengthwise taper of the wedge, as well as its width taper coact to more electually hold the bits than though the taper of the wedge was but in one direction. I have so shaped the head as to eounterbalance the weight of the wedge; or in other words, the portion af of the head to the right of the dotted line w Fig. 1, substantially eounterbalances theE head of the hammer frequently breaks and i the entire hammer has to he. thrown away.

To obviate the loss of the head I have lnade the shank detachable and have connected the flatter with the head by means of a wedge.

The bit holding portion or head is represented as provided at its to i with a dove-t ail groove presentingside walls t, h', and the lower end of the shank is tapered to present walls 1n, m that incline outwardly, but of v less width than the distance between the side walls z, z', and the lower end of the shank is provided with a dowel-pin n that enters an 5 and rear thereof, and a wedge tapered 1n the elongated hole nx, Fig. 1, in the top ol the head at the bottom of the groove made therein. After piaeing the shank in the groove, with the dowel-pin in the left hand end of the hole nx, the shank is moved to t-he right, as in Fig. 1, and I drive a wedge p into the space between the wall h and the tapered side m of the lower end of the shank, thus locking the shank iirmly to the head, with the wall m held against the side wall l@ in the head. Whatever part of the shank is left unbroken may be readily removed by knocking out the wedge p, moving the shank part to the lel'tI to disengage the sides m and 7L, and then lifting out the shank part.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Iatent is :d

1. In a bush hammer, a head having a. shank and forked to present depending arms, the inner side wail of one of said arms being inclined upwardly and outwardly and extending from the rear to the front of the head, a series of ilat bits inserted between the side walls of the arms, and a wedge inserted between said inclined side wall and the face of the adjacent bit, the wedge increasing in thickness from its lower' edge to its upper edge and also tapering in the direction of its length from one to the other end, the double taper of the wedge locking the bits in the head both laterally and longitudinally.

2. In a bush hammer, a head having a shank and forked to present depending arms, the inner side wall of one of said arms being inclined upwardly and outwardly and extending from the rear to the iront of the head. a series of imperforate bits notched at their upper ends to embrace the head at front direction of its length and also from its lower to its upper edge and inserted between the inclined side wall and the ilat face of the adjacent bit.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my naine to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALFRED PINEL.

'itnesses:

EVANGELIXE C. BROWN, MARGARET A. DUNN. 

